… proof has not been reported. In this study an alpha-toxin mutant was constructed in a virulent
chicken isolate and shown to retain full virulence in a chicken disease model. These results …

… C enzyme called alpha-toxin was thought to be the key virulence factor in necrotic enteritis
caused by Clostridium … cause disease in chickens, proving that alpha-toxin is not an essential …

… In the current study, Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from healthy flocks and isolates
… that alpha toxin is not an essential virulence factor in the induction of necrotic enteritis. An …

… will summarize the primary virulence factors involved in NE … not alpha toxin, is an essential
virulence factor for NE in broiler chickens using plc- and netB-deletion mutants of the virulent …

… alpha-toxin, a phospholipase C exoenzyme, both as a major virulence factor and as an important
… to alpha-toxin are important in immunity to NE in chickens (10, 19). However, the role of …

… Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis and related subclinical disease have
become … After it was shown that alpha toxin is not an essential virulence factor in necrotic …

… alpha toxin also increase the critically important NetB. … the strain and particularly the virulence
plasmids of NE isolates … being the only virulence factor to date shown to be essential in …

… of necrotic enteritis (NE), a severe Clostridium perfringens-induced disease which some
consider the most clinically dramatic bacterial enteric disease of poultry. … The role of alpha toxin (…

… Alpha-toxin has been indicated as the main virulence mediator for NE in … Studies of
broiler immune response to NE also suggest that α-toxin is an important virulence factor in the …

… diseases, for example human food poisoning or necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens [5, 6]. …
it was believed that alpha toxin was the key virulence factor in necrotic enteritis caused by C. …